Abstract
A thematic narrative synthesis was conducted to identify literature exploring the Mediterranean Diet (MDiet) and its impact on the environment in terms of land and water use, Greenhouse Gas emissions, fossil fuels, affordability, and acceptability. The MDiet is a sustainable diet that can reduce some environmental impacts of food production while improving both the health of the population and world, diet acceptability, cost, cultural, and socio-economic factors should be considered when determining appropriateness of a recommended dietary pattern to a regional or global population.