Abstract
Aim
The aim was to develop and psychometrically test the self‐care of chronic illness Inventory, a generic measure of self‐care.
Background
Existing measures of self‐care are disease‐specific or behaviour‐specific; no generic measure of self‐care exists.
Design
Cross‐sectional survey.
Methods
We developed a 20‐item self‐report instrument based on the Middle Range Theory of Self‐Care of Chronic Illness, with three separate scales measuring Self‐Care Maintenance, Self‐Care Monitoring, and Self‐Care Management. Each of the three scales is scored separately and standardized 0–100 with higher scores indicating better self‐care. After demonstrating content validity, psychometric testing was conducted in a convenience sample of 407 adults (enrolled from inpatient and outpatient settings at five sites in the United States and ResearchMatch.org). Dimensionality testing with confirmatory factor analysis preceded reliability testing.
Results
The Self‐Care Maintenance scale (eight items, two dimensions: illness‐related and health‐promoting behaviour) fit well when tested with a two‐factor confirmatory model. The Self‐Care Monitoring scale (five items, single factor) fitted well. The Self‐Care Management scale (seven items, two factors: autonomous and consulting behaviour), when tested with a two‐factor confirmatory model, fitted adequately. A simultaneous confirmatory factor analysis on the combined set of items supported the more general model.
Conclusion
The self‐care of chronic illness inventory is adequate in reliability and validity. We suggest further testing in diverse populations of patients with chronic illnesses.
摘要
目标
目的是制定慢性病自我护理量表,并从心理测量学的角度对其进行测试,慢性病自我护理量表是对自我护理情况进行衡量的通用标准。
背景
现有的对自我护理进行衡量的标准要么是针对疾病的,要么是针对行为的;没有通用的衡量自我护理情况的标准。
设计
横断面调查。
方法
我们基于慢性疾病自我护理中层理论开发了一个有20个项自我报告工具,它带有三个独立的量表,用于测量自我保养、自我监护和自我管理情况。针对三个量表中的每一个进行单独评分并且将每个量表标准化为0‐100,高分表示自我护理情况较好。在验证内容效度之后,对由407名成人(从美国五个医院的住院病人和门诊病人以及ResearchMatch.org中招募而来)。在采用验证性因素分析进行维度测试之后进行可靠性测试。
结果
当使用双因素确认模型进行测试时,自我护理保养量表(八项,两个维度:疾病相关行为和健康促进行为)非常适用。自我监控量表(五项,单因素)也很适用。自我管理量表(七项,两个因素:自主行为和咨询行为),经双因素验证性模型测试后,得到了充分的拟合。同时对组合项目进行的验证性因子分析支持更一般的模型。
结论
慢性病自我护理量表有充分的信度和效度。我们建议在患有慢性疾病的不同人群中对其作进一步测试。