This study addresses the escalating prevalence of Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2D), which is a consequence of insulin resistance and is characterized by impaired insulin regulation and production. T2D leads to hyperglycemia, disrupting glucose metabolism critical for function of numerous organ systems. Despite having average or increased bone density, individuals with T2D face an increased risk of fractures compared to non-diabetic counterparts, with studies revealing sex-specific variations in bone mineral density. While fracture risk is conventionally assessed through bone mineral density, factors beyond density may contribute to increased fragility. Specifically, the increased fracture risk may be due to numerous factors including microvascular complications in T2D that heighten the risk of falls, changes in tissue microstructure, or alterations in bone tissue quality. Bone quality is altered with any changes in the bone matrix. Specifically, Type I collagen, the primary organic component of bone’s matrix, undergoes nonenzymatic glycation and produces advanced glycation end- products (AGEs) that detrimentally impact bone's mechanical properties. There may be higher levels of AGEs in T2D given that AGEs form due to a reaction involving extracellular sugars. This project aims to determine the mechanical properties and glycation content of human cadaveric trabecular bone with and without T2D. Compression tests will be conducted to measure compressive mechanical properties and a fluorometric assay will be used to quantify AGEs. We hypothesize there will be increased AGEs and deteriorated mechanical properties in T2D trabecular bone compared to nondiabetic bone, and that AGEs and mechanical properties will be inversely correlated with each other. Overall, this research will contribute to understanding the nuanced factors influencing bone health in T2D, potentially informing targeted preventive measures and treatments.
- Impact of type 2 diabetes mellitus on compressive mechanical properties of trabecular bone
- Ken-Lee Jacques Sterling
- 0009-0008-5686-8649
- Lamya Karim (Advisor) - University of Massachusetts Dartmouth, Department of BioengineeringXiaofei Jia (Committee Member) - University of Massachusetts Dartmouth, Department of Chemistry and BiochemistryMilana C Vasudev (Committee Member) - University of Massachusetts Dartmouth, Department of Bioengineering
- x, 42 pages
- illustrations (chiefly color)
- Acknowledgements -- Table of contents -- List of figures -- List of tables -- Abbreviations -- Chapter 1. Introduction -- Impact of diabetes -- Impact of type 2 diabetes on bone -- Rationale for study -- Chapter 2. Background and significance -- Bones -- What is diabetes? -- Metabolic effects of insulin -- Hyperglycemia -- Purpose of study -- Chapter 3. Methods -- Sample donor collection -- Compression testing -- AGE assay -- Data processing -- Chapter 4. Results -- Mechanical testing -- AGE quantification in bone -- ANCOVA analysis -- Chapter 5. Discussion -- References.
- Includes bibliographical references (pages 39-42).
- University of Massachusetts Dartmouth
- Master of Science (MS)
- Biomedical Engineering and Biotechnology
- Department of Bioengineering
- English
- Thesis
- Copyright 2024 Ken-Lee Jacques Sterling
- https://doi.org/10.62791/20344
- 9914424892101301